【資訊分享】美股跌市停版機制(正規交易時段)
美國證監會吸收1987年股災，及2010年閃崩(flash crash)的經驗，制定股市停版機制。隊長綜合相關資料如下(只盡人事，不保證資料完全正確)：
標普500指數大跌時，所有股票的停版機制：
*Rule 80B halts all trading if the S & P 500 falls by 7percent, 13 percent, or 20 percent in any given day.
*A level 1 (7percent) or level 2 (13 percent) decline occurring between 9:30 a.m. and 3:25 p.m. EST will result in a trading halt in all stocks for 15 minutes.
*In the case of a level 1 or level 2 decline on aday when the market closes early trading will be halted for 15 minutes if the decline occurs between 9:30 a.m. and 12:25 p.m. EST.
*Once trading resumes after level one halt, trading will not be halted again unless the S & P 500 decline reaches a level 2or 13 percent decline.
*Similarly in the case of a level 2 decline trading would not be halted again once resumed until the S & P 500 reached a level 3 or 20 percent decline.
*A level 3 (20percent) decline occurring at any time during the day will halt all trading for the rest of the day.
* The base level that regulates Rule 80B is based on the daily closing value of the S & P 500.
*All orders that are in hand or on the DMM’s book prior to a market halt will be treated as GTC orders except market on close and limit on close orders, which will be canceled.
標普500指數跌少於7%，個股自行大跌的停版規定
*The SEC enacted the use of a Limit UP Limit Down (LULD) rule. This rule is designed to ensure that prices of individual securities reflect fundamental prices based on supply and demand and do not move outside of established parameters based on errors or manipulative actions.
*Upper and lower trading bands will be established based on the average reference price of the security over the preceding 5 minute period. The reference price is the algorithmic mean of all eligible transactions reported during the 5 minute period and does not include transactions reported at a volume weighted average price (VWAP).
*If the stock price moves outside of the established bands trading will be paused for 5 minutes if the stock cannot return to the limit price with in 15 seconds. During this 15 second period the stock will be subject to a limit state of limit up or limit down. If no trades take place at or inside the limit price the 5 minute trading pause will occur.
*Once fully implemented the LULD is intended to replace the single stock circuit breaker rule. Tier 1 and tier 2 securities will have trading bands of 5 and 10 percent respectively from 9:45 AM – 3:35 PM EST.
Tier 1 包括所有羅素1000及標普500指數成分股，以及以下名單內的ETFs ( http://bit.ly/2xmB4gA )
Tier 2: 所有非Tier 1的股票及ETFs
*To accommodate additional price discovery during the opening and closing of the market those bands will be expanded to 10 and 20 percent respectively from 9:30 AM –9:45AM and from 3:35 PM – 4:00PM.
*Any aggressive orders placed outside of the price band will be re priced by the NASDAQ system to the price band limit price.
*In addition to the Limit up Limit down single stock circuit break market wide circuit breakers will also be put into place during times of extreme volatility. The NYSE has enacted rules to help restore orderly market conditions during periods of heightened volatility.
個股及ETF跌多於10%時的沽空規定
* In February 2010 the Commission adopted a new short sale price test restriction, which is commonly referred to as the “alternative uptick rule.”
* The alternative uptick rule is designed to restrict short selling from further driving down the price of a stock that has dropped more than 10 percent in one day compared to the closing price on the previous day.
* Known as Rule 10(a)(1) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the uptick rule allows investors to short a security only at a price higher than the security's last trade.
👉👉美股隊長「美股入門班」(總27屆)，可網上收看所有課程內容，詳情：http://bit.ly/394TMqo
